AZD 1981

Biological Activity

Protocol(Only for Reference)

Clinical Trial Information( data from http://clinicaltrials.gov, updated on 2016-07-09)

CONCLUSION:

Kinase Assay: ^[2]

Animal Study: ^[1]

Conversion of different model animals based on BSA (Value based on data from FDA Draft Guidelines)

References

All About Drugs

Tout sur les médicaments הכל על תרופות كل شيئ عن الأدوية Все о наркотиках 关于药品的一切 డ్రగ్స్ గురించి అన్ని 마약에 관한 모든 것 Όλα για τα Ναρκωτικά Complete Tracking of Drugs Across the World by Dr Anthony Melvin Crasto, Worldpeacepeaker, worlddrugtracker, PH.D (ICT), MUMBAI, INDIA, Worlddrugtracker, Helping millions, 9 million hits on google on all websites, 2.5 lakh connections on all networks, “ALL FOR DRUGS” CATERS TO EDUCATION GLOBALLY, No commercial exploits are done or advertisements added by me. This is a compilation for educational purposes only. P.S. : The views expressed are my personal and in no-way suggest the views of the professional body or the company that I represent

AZD1981; AZD-1981; 802904-66-1; UNII-2AD53WQ2CX; ; AZD 1981;
Molecular Formula:	C₁₉H₁₇ClN₂O₃S
Molecular Weight:	388.86788 g/mol

1H-Indole-1-acetic acid, 4-(acetylamino)-3-[(4-chlorophenyl)thio]-2-methyl-

2-[4-acetamido-3-(4-chlorophenyl)sulfanyl-2-methylindol-1-yl]acetic acid
Originator AstraZeneca
Developer AstraZeneca; Johns Hopkins University
Class Antiasthmatics
Mechanism of Action Prostaglandin D2 receptor antagonists
- Phase II Urticaria
- Discontinued Asthma; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Most Recent Events
- 09 Mar 2016 AZD 1981 is still in phase II trials for Urticaria in USA (PO)
- 07 Mar 2016 Johns Hopkins University in collaboration with AstraZeneca completes a phase II trial in Urticaria in USA (PO) (NCT02031679)
- 04 Mar 2016 Efficacy and safety data from a phase II trial in Urticaria presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI-2016)

https://ncats.nih.gov/files/AZD1981.pdf

SEE

NMR

HPLC

AZD1981 is a potent, selective CRTh2 (DP2) receptor antagonist with IC50 of 4 nM, showing >1000-fold selectivity over more than 340 other enzymes and receptors, including DP1. Phase 2.

118 patients were randomised to treatment (AZD1981 n = 61; placebo n = 57); 83% of patients were male and the mean age was 63 years (range 43-83). There were no significant differences in the mean difference in change from baseline to end of treatment between AZD1981 and placebo for the co-primary endpoints of pre-bronchodilator FEV1 (AZD1981-placebo: -0.015, 95% CI: -0.10 to 0.070; p = 0.72) and CCQ total score (difference: 0.042, 95% CI: -0.21 to 0.30; p = 0.75). Similarly, no differences were observed between treatments for the other outcomes of lung function, COPD symptom score, 6-MWT, BODE index, and use of reliever medication. AZD1981 was well tolerated.

There was no beneficial clinical effect of AZD1981, at a dose of 1000 mg twice daily for 4 weeks, in patients with moderate to severe COPD. AZD1981 was well tolerated and no safety concerns were identified.

DP2 binding studies	A scintillation proximity assay (SPA) following [³H]PGD2 binding to membranes of HEK cells expressing recombinant DP2 is used. The potency of AZD1981 as an antagonist is determined by quantifying its ability to displace specific radio-ligand binding. Briefly, membranes from HEK293 expressing recombinant human DP2 are pre-bound to Wheat Germ Agglutinin-coated PVT-SPA beads for 18 h at 4°C. Assays were started by the addition of 25 μL of membrane-coated beads (10 mg/mL of beads) to an assay buffer (50 mm HEPES pH 7.4 containing 5 mm MgCl₂) containing 2.5 nM [³H]PGD2 in the absence or the presence of increasing concentrations of the tested compounds (50 μL final volume). Non-specific binding is determined in the same conditions but in the presence of 10 μM DK-PGD2. Plates are incubated for 2 h at room temperature, and bead-associated radioactivity is measured using a Wallac Microbeta counter. The concentration of the compounds causing 50% inhibition of binding of [³H]PGD2 to the receptor is calculated (IC50). Ki values have not been derived from IC50, as there is no evidence of a simple competitive interaction with PGD2. The same methodology is used for recombinant human, murine, rat, guinea pig, dog and rabbit DP2. Reversibility of binding to the human receptor was assessed by recovery of [³H]PGD2 binding after removal of AZD1981 by washing of the membrane-coated SPA beads. HEK-membrane-coated beads are incubated in the presence of AZD1981 for 2 h at room temperature to bind the compound to DP2. To remove the bound AZD1981, beads are centrifuged (1 min at 1300× g), and the pellet resuspended in 1 mL of assay buffer. This is repeated four times. Aliquots (30 μL) are transferred to 96-well plates, and [³H]PGD2 binding is evaluated as above. Parallel samples containing (i) 10 μM DK-PGD2 during the 2 h incubation and in the wash buffer; (ii) AZD1981 at 2 μM in the wash buffer; and (iii) vehicle are processed alongside to determine non-specific binding and the ‘no wash’ condition whilst controlling for loss of beads during the washing process. The time from first wash to end of first reading is approximately 13 min.

DP2 binding studies

A scintillation proximity assay (SPA) following [³H]PGD2 binding to membranes of HEK cells expressing recombinant DP2 is used. The potency of AZD1981 as an antagonist is determined by quantifying its ability to displace specific radio-ligand binding. Briefly, membranes from HEK293 expressing recombinant human DP2 are pre-bound to Wheat Germ Agglutinin-coated PVT-SPA beads for 18 h at 4°C. Assays were started by the addition of 25 μL of membrane-coated beads (10 mg/mL of beads) to an assay buffer (50 mm HEPES pH 7.4 containing 5 mm MgCl₂) containing 2.5 nM [³H]PGD2 in the absence or the presence of increasing concentrations of the tested compounds (50 μL final volume). Non-specific binding is determined in the same conditions but in the presence of 10 μM DK-PGD2. Plates are incubated for 2 h at room temperature, and bead-associated radioactivity is measured using a Wallac Microbeta counter. The concentration of the compounds causing 50% inhibition of binding of [³H]PGD2 to the receptor is calculated (IC50). Ki values have not been derived from IC50, as there is no evidence of a simple competitive interaction with PGD2. The same methodology is used for recombinant human, murine, rat, guinea pig, dog and rabbit DP2. Reversibility of binding to the human receptor was assessed by recovery of [³H]PGD2 binding after removal of AZD1981 by washing of the membrane-coated SPA beads. HEK-membrane-coated beads are incubated in the presence of AZD1981 for 2 h at room temperature to bind the compound to DP2. To remove the bound AZD1981, beads are centrifuged (1 min at 1300× g), and the pellet resuspended in 1 mL of assay buffer. This is repeated four times. Aliquots (30 μL) are transferred to 96-well plates, and [³H]PGD2 binding is evaluated as above. Parallel samples containing (i) 10 μM DK-PGD2 during the 2 h incubation and in the wash buffer; (ii) AZD1981 at 2 μM in the wash buffer; and (iii) vehicle are processed alongside to determine non-specific binding and the ‘no wash’ condition whilst controlling for loss of beads during the washing process. The time from first wash to end of first reading is approximately 13 min.

Animal Models	Male sprague dawley rats.
Formulation
Dosages	1 mg/kg(i.v.), 4 mg/kg(oral)
Administration	i.v. or oral administration

Species	Mouse	Rat	Rabbit	Guinea pig	Hamster	Dog
Weight (kg)	0.02	0.15	1.8	0.4	0.08	10
Body Surface Area (m²)	0.007	0.025	0.15	0.05	0.02	0.5
K_m factor	3	6	12	8	5	20

Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by	Animal B K_m
	Animal A K_m

For example, to modify the dose of resveratrol used for a mouse (22.4 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 22.4 mg/kg by the K_m factor for a mouse and then divide by the K_m factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for resveratrol of 11.2 mg/kg.

Rat dose (mg/kg) = mouse dose (22.4 mg/kg) ×	mouse K_m(3)	= 11.2 mg/kg
	rat K_m(6)

[1] Luker T, et al. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2011, 21(21), 6288-6292.

[2] Schmidt JA, et al. Br J Pharmacol. 2013, 168(7), 1626-1638.

Description

AZD1981 is a potent, selective CRTh2 (DP2) receptor antagonist with IC50 of 4 nM, showing >1000-fold selectivity over more than 340 other enzymes and receptors, including DP1. Phase 2.

CRTh2 (DP2) receptor ^[1]

In vitro

AZD1981, as a potent antagonist in a disease relevant cell system, inhibits DK-PGD2-induced CD11b expression in human eosinophils with IC50 of 10 nM. ^[1] AZD1981 blocks DP2-mediated shape change in human eosinophils and basophils in blood, as well as DP2-mediated chemotaxis of human Th2 cells and eosinophils. Moreover, AZD1981 also blocks the binding of [³H]PGD2 to mouse, rat, guinea pig, rabbit and dog recombinant DP2. ^[2]

AZD1981 has high oral bioavailability in male sprague dawley rats. ^[1] In guinea pig hind limb model, AZD1981 (100 nM) completely inhibits DK-PGD2-induced eosinophil mobilization. ^[2]

An orally available selective DP2(CRTh2) receptor antagonist in clinical development for asthma.

NCT Number	Recruitment	Conditions	Sponsor /Collaborators	Start Date	Phases
NCT02031679	Recruiting	Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria	Johns Hopkins University\|AstraZeneca	January 2014	Phase 2
NCT01311635	Completed	Healthy	AstraZeneca	April 2011	Phase 1
NCT01254461	Completed	Drug Interaction	AstraZeneca	February 2011	Phase 1
NCT01265641	Completed	Asthma	AstraZeneca	January 2011	Phase 1
NCT01199341	Completed	Pharmakokinetic	AstraZeneca	October 2010	Phase 1

Patent ID	Date	Patent Title
US2015210655	2015-07-30	CERTAIN (2S)-N-[(1S)-1-CYANO-2-PHENYLETHYL]-1,4-OXAZEPANE-2-CARBOXAMIDES AS DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE 1 INHIBITORS
US2015072963	2015-03-12	COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR REGULATING HAIR GROWTH
US2014328861	2014-11-06	Combination of CRTH2 Antagonist and a Proton Pump Inhibitor for the Treatment of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
US8772305	2014-07-08	Substituted pyridinyl-pyrimidines and their use as medicaments
US8227622	2012-07-24	Pharmaceutical Process and Intermediates 714
US2012178764	2012-07-12	Novel Compounds
US2011263614	2011-10-27	Novel compounds
US7781598	2010-08-24	Process for the preparation of substituted indoles
US7687535	2010-03-30	Substituted 3-sulfur indoles
US2009163518	2009-06-25	Novel Compounds